field trial to investigate of the postpartum uterine infection and its susceptibility to the antibiotics

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the postpartum [P.P.] uterine infection in daii'y cattle and the more susceptible antibiotic treatment. This study was carried out in large commercial imported Holstein-Friesian dairy farm. The animals were classified according to the reproductive status during the postpartum period into three groups. Group [I] [26 cows] represents control animals which exhibited normal spontaneous birth without any birth help and didn't develop any clinical disorders. The drop of fetal membranes occurred within the first 12 houis after calving. The lochia was normal in color 8 odor and within the normal range in amount. Group [II] [9 cows] Suffered from dystocia due to abnormal fetal alignment with retained fetal membranes [>I2 hrs PP]. Group [Ill] [8 cows] with post partum uterine infections [abnormal puerperium]. The cows were examined from the late stages of pregnancy to the end of puerperuim period to determine the types of bacterial infection of the postpartum period. The prevalent ostpartem peridf er00obic bacteria isolated from the normal cows were E.coli [30.8%] Streptfaecalis [15.3%], Staph. aureus [31.5%] and Arcanobacterium [Actinomyces] pyogenes [7.7%]. The isolated bacteria rom cows with Retained placenta were E.coli [89%], Arcanobacterium [Actinomyces] pyogenes [33%], Strept. faecalis [33%] Staph. aureus [22%], Staph. pidermidis [22%] and Proteus vulgaris [11%]. while those for cows with disturbed puerperium were Arcanobacterlurn [Actinomyces] pyogenes [87.5%], E.coli [75%], Staph. aureus [50%], Staph. epidermidis [50%], Proteus vulgaris [37.5%] and Strept. faecalis [25%]. The most common bacteria isolated frequently from the postpartum uterine disorders are E.coli and Arcanobacterium [Actinomyces] pyogenes. The antimicrobial susceptibility tests indicated that Actinomyces pyogenes can be resistant to the common antimicrobial agents [tetracycline, penicillin, enrofloxacin and ceftiofur] used for intrauterine treatment in the practice field to treatment P.P. Uterine infection. While, E.coli isolates were sensitive to [enrofloxacin and ceftiofur], but they were resistant to [tetracycline and oxytetracycline]. It could be concluded that the most prevalent bacterial infection in postpartum dairy cattle were E. coli, Staph. aureus and Actinomyces pyogenes. While the most suscepible antidotic were anrofloxacin and ceftiofur