[Prevalence trends in adolescent overweight and hypertension in the three cross-sectional surveys of Tehran lipid and glucose study, 1999-2008]

ABSTRACT

This study aims at determining the trends of the prevalence of overweight and hypertension among adolescents in three cross-sectional surveys of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study [TLGS]. We analyzed the data of adolescents, aged 10-19 years, obtained in the three surveys of the TLGS; survey 1, 1999-2001 [n=3010, 47.2% boys]; survey 2, 2002-5 [n=1107, 48.4% boys], and survey 3, 2006-8 [n=1090, 46.6% boys]. At risk for overweight and overweight were defined according to Iranian BMI percentiles. Hypertension was defined according to the fourth report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation and Treatment of High Blood Pressure [BP], American Academy of Pediatrics and charts of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mean BMI of adolescents increased from 20.1 [4.3] in survey 1 to 21.6[4.7] kg/m2 in survey 3[P<0.001]. The adjusted prevalence of at risk for overweight, in the first and third surveys of study increased respectively from 12.8% to 18.5% [P<0.001] and the prevalence of overweight increased from 6.4 to 12.7% respectively [P<0.001]. The mean systolic BP and diastolic BP decreased from 105[11], 71.4[9.2] in the first survey to 100[12], 65.4[9.8] mmHg in the third, respectively [P<0.001]. The prevalence of high systolic BP and diastolic BP decreased from 3 and 7.9% in 1999-2001 to 1.3 and 3% in 2006-8, respectively. The age adjusted means of SBP and DBP increased respectively in underweight, normal, at risk for overweight and overweight adolescents [P<0.01]. The increment of [overweight prevalence] was greater than [at risk for overweight]. The prevalence of high systolic and diastolic BP decreased over the three surveys