Syndromal and nonsyndromal cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Kuwait

ABSTRACT

This study involved 166 patients cleft lip with or without cleft palate ascertained at the Kuwait Medical Gentre between 1984 and 1986. The 1985 and 1986 incidence rates were 1.51/1000 and 1.56/1000 livebirths, respectively. The male/female ratio was 11.15. Consanguinity was found in 44.6%. Most of the cases [90.4%] were sporadic, while 9.6% were familial. Single cleft lip was detected in 40.4%, cleft plate in 9.6%, and combined cleft lip and cleft plate in 50.0%. Isolated clefting was recorded in 44.0%, while clefting associated with known syndromes was recorded in 36.1%, and 19.9% were undiagnosed. A chromosomal aberration was found in 9.0% of patients; autosomal recessive etiology was noted in 5.4%, autosomal dominant 6.0%, multifactorial 41.0%, environmental 1.8%, and genetically uncertain or undetermined in 36.7%