Influence of pre-exposure to chlorpyrifos on the experimentally induced hyperlipidemia and its management with an antihyperlipidemic drug

ABSTRACT

Hyperlipidemia has long been suspected to contribute to atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis related diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Tyloxapol [Triton WR 1339] is anon-ionic detergent. It blocks plasma lipolytic activity, and thus the breakdown of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Fenofibrate is mainly used to reduce cholesterol levels in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease. Chiorpyrifos is a toxic crystalline organophosphate insecticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase and is used to control insects and pests. This work aimed for studying the influence of short term daily oral administration of a chlrorpyrifos insecticide on the induction of experimental model of hyperlipidemia induced by tyloxapol [triton WR 1339]. 80 Sprague Dawley female rats of 110-200 gm body weight were used in this study. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were withdrawn after fasting for 18 hour for the analysis of total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein. The results showed that Tyloxapol single oral dose induced significant increase in the total lipids, and high density lipoprotein, while it caused a significant decrease in the low density lipoprotein level. Repeated oral administration of chlorpyrifos caused significant increase of the triglycerides level and significant decrease of low density lipoprotein. Treatment of rats by single oral dose of fenofibrate caused a significant decrease in triglycerides value and an insignificant decrease in the low density lipoprotein level. Tyloxapol [surfactant] and chlorpyrifos [insecticide] altered lipid content and lipoprotein composition and consequently dramatic and sharp changes in the levels of lipid profiles were obtained. Treatment by hypolipidemic fenofibrate single oral dose was found to decrease each of total lipids. triglycerides. cholesterol. HDL and LDL cholesterols. Compared to insecticide plus tyloxapol mixed treatment. Attention should be paid to the possible toxic interaction between organophosphate insecticide and persons who are at high risk of blood lipids abnormalities