effect of quinine on qt interval in patients in a tertiary care hospital

ABSTRACT

To determine the frequency of patients developing QT prolongation with the use of intravenous[IV] quinine therapy in medical unit D of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Medical unit D of Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from 1[st] June, 2011 to 30[th] November, 2011. The study population comprised of male and female patients who tested positive for malarial parasite on peripheral blood smear. Treatment was started with intravenous quinine for a minimum duration of 3 days to a maximum duration of 5 days. Electrocardiography [ECG] was done before starting the patients on IV quinine therapy and QT interval was calculated. Repeat ECG was done 72 hours after starting the therapy. Patients were evaluated for prolongation of the QT interval after initiation of treatment with quinine. All the statistical analyses were done using statistical program SPSS version 17.0. The mean with standard deviation, frequency and percentages were reported. Significance was tested at p<0.05. Out of a total of 200 patients, only 2 female patients [1%] had a prolongation of the QT interval from their normal baseline interval before treatment. It appears that the cardio toxic effects of quinine have been overstated and that the risk of QT prolongation and fatal arrhythmias is minimal with quinine therapy. It can thus be concluded that quinine is a safe drug for the treatment of malaria with negligible cardio toxic adverse effect profile