[ myelodysplastic syndromes]

ABSTRACT

There are a group of clonal hematologic disorder, which combine ineffective hematopoiesis and evolution to acute myeloid leukaemia. We conducted a 7 years retrospective. In order to specify the typology of the myelodysplastic syndromes. We included patients presented it diagnosed on the complete blood count and the myelogram between January 2001 and January 2008. Forty patients have been included [29 men, 11 women, sex-ratio 2.63], median age 62 +/- 16 years [23-85]. Nineteen patients only presented a peripheral unilineage cytopenia, fifteen patients had a bicytopnia and five presented a pancytopenia. By using the French Americano-British classification, the myelodysplastic syndromes were distributed in 27% of refractory anemias, 15% of refractory anemias with sideroblast, 25% of refractory anemias with excess of blast, 8% of refractory anemias with excess of blast in transformation, and 24% of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. By using the criteria of the NOH, distribution is of 37% of refractory anemias [with or without sideroblast], 17% of refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia [with or without sideroblast], 33% of refractory anemias with excess of blast, 3% of Myelodysplastic syndromes associated to the insulated delection 5q - and 10% of acute leukeamias. The score of Bournemouth has been calculated for every patient. The results join those of the literature. The authors will discuss the interest using of one or the other classification of that affection. They note the difficulties of diagnosis of the it needed, the limits between the various entities remain still remain badly known for most the practitioners. The need for a precise and complete diagnosis is essential in order to better classify the Myelodysplastic syndromes, and consequently to evaluate the prognosis and to make a reasoned therapeutic decision of it