In-vitro comparison of cytotoxicity of two bioactive glasses in micropowder and nanopowder forms

ABSTRACT

The cytotoxicity of the biomaterials is a key issue that should be addressed prior to pre-clinical applications. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the cytotoxixity of two forms of bioactive glassesnanopowder and micropowder. Human HGF1-PI53 gingival fibroblast cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/mL concentrations of the two bioactive glasses via MTT assay. The results were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's test. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results showed that two bioactive glasses hadstatistically significant differences at 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/mL concentrations [p-value < 0.05] and there was no correlation between time and cell cytotoxicity of bioactive glasses [p-value > 0.05], using t-test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. We conclude that that cytotoxicity of nanopowder bioactive glass at concentrations similar to micropowder bioactive glass at 24 and 48 h, however, it is more cytotoxic atconcentrations >/= 5 mg/mL in the first 48 h of applications