Excessive calcification of placenta; to examine the morphological change in pregnancies complicated by PIH and placental abruption and its relation with fetal outcome

ABSTRACT

To examine the morphological change due to exct of placenta of pregnancies complicated by pregnancy induced hypertension [PIH] and placental Abruption and its relation with fetal outcome. Case control type of study. This study was conducted from June 2008 to July 2009 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro. One hundred twenty placentae were collected from labor room and gynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University Hospital. Forty placentae from parturients that had pregnancy induced hypertension [PIH], forty from parturient having placental abruption and forty placentae of normal pregnancy [Control Group]. Age of all parturients is between 17 to 32 years. Fetal outcome and data was recorded. Weight and diameterof Placentae were measured. Approximately five cm piece of placenta was taken and processed for histological study. The weight of placenta in control group were 450 to 650 gm with amean weight of 526.25 +/- 8.414 gm and their diameter from 19 to 24 cm with amean of 21.225 +/- 0.2148cm. In PIH group weight of placenta was from 200 to 550gm with a mean weight of 432.25 +/- 11.889gm and their diameter ranges from 10 to 16cms with a meanl 4.208 +/- 0.1914cm. In placental abruption group the weight of placenta ranges from 180 to 400 gm with a mean weight of 284.88 +/- 9.084 gms and diameter ranges from 10 to 14cms with mean 13.070 +/- 0.2504 cm. The difference in weight and diameter of placenta in PIH and abruptio placentae was found statistically significant when compared with weight and diameter of normal placentae. The weight of new born babies in control group was 1.8 kg to 3.6 kg mean weight of 2.790 +/- 0.0689kg. In PIH group, the fetal weight was 1.4 kg to 3.0 kg with a mean weight of 2.195 +/- 0.0703kg. In abruptio placentae group, the weight of new born baby ranges from 1.0 kg to 2.8kg with a mean weight of 1.898 +/- 0.0660 kg. Fetal outcome in cases of PIH and in abruptio placentae was poor as compared to control group