Triple-negative breast cancer survival in Iranian patients

ABSTRACT

This study focused on triple-negative breast cancer [TNBC] that is characterized by the lack of expression of estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER-2]. The primary goal of this study was to describe the relation between triple-negative receptor status and survival. This is the first study about triple-negative breast cancer in our community of the 1541 patients diagnosed with breast cancer between 2002 and 2007 at the Cancer Institute [Tehran, Iran]. 107 patients were identified as TNBC and 107 patients were randomly selected as non-TNB. HER-2, ER and PR status were assessed by immunohistochemistry [IHC]. Analyses of their collected data were performed retrospectively and then clinical and pathologic parameters were compared between two groups. In multivariate analysis, a significantly decreased overall survival was observed for patients with TNBC compared with non-TNBC [55.7 months versus 60.7 mounts; 95%CI 51.1-60.3 and 57.9-63.5 for TNBC and non-TNBC respectively, P=0.0008]. The 2- and 5-year estimates for overall survival were 69.8% and 62.3% for TNBC, and 90% and 83% for non-TNBC, respectively. During the study period, 36 [33.6%] patient of TNBC and 14 [13.1%] of non-TNBC presented local recurrence. Significantly decreased disease-free survival was also observed for patients with TNBC compared with non-TNBC [P=0.0004]. The 2- and 5-year estimates for disease-free survival were 68% and 63% for TNBC; and 89% and 82% for non-TNBC, respectively. Significantly decreased distant metastasis free survival was also observed for patients with TNBC compared with non-TNBC [54.4 mounts versus 61.7 mounts; 95%CI 49.8-59.0 and 59.1-64.4 for TNBC and non-TNBC respectively, P=0.0004]. Triple negative breast cancer has a biologic aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Therefore aggressive treatment and regular follow-up in early stage of diagnosis can be a significant impact on their prognosis.