Pattern of contact dermatitis in a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the pattern of contact dermatitis [CD] among patients in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. In this cross-sectional study, 120 patients of contact dermatitis, diagnosed clinically were evaluated by detail history and clinical examination. The clinical patterns were correlated with the likely sources of allergens. Mean age was 32.8 +/- 14.0 years and majority of the patients were housewives 36 [30.0%] and students 33 [27.5%]. 60.0% of the patients came from low-middle class. Itching 117 [97.5%] and disfigurement 89 [74.2%] were chief complaints of the patients. 63 [52.5%] patients showed erythematous rash, 42 [35%] vesicular eruption, 34 [28.3%] pustular eruption and 16 [13.3%] post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Both hands 69 [57.5%], right hand 41 [34.2%], both feet 50 [41.7], neck and ear 42 [35%] and face 30 [25.0%] were the commonly involved sites. Allergic contact dermatitis [52.5%] was more common than photocontact CD [26.7%] and irritant CD [20.8%]. Regarding the source of contact dermatitis, detergents 88 [73.3%], cooking materials 67 [55.8%], shoes or sandals 61 [50.8%], cosmetics 42 [35%], gold/jewellery 38 [31.7%], insects 29 [24.2%] were the main etiological factors of contact dermatitis. The study highlighted that contact dermatitis depends on patients' occupational exposure of different substances.