Risk factors for transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder: a hospital based study

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to determine the role of various known risk factors for the development of Transitional cell carcinoma [TCC] of urinary bladder in our set up. Case control study. Department of Radiology CMH Rawalpindi, from March 2007 to December 2007. 70 patients with TCC urinary bladder were included in the study. 70 controls were included. The patients were enquired about the risk factors as mentioned in Table 1. The data was analysed on SPSS version 12. Odds ratio for each factor was carried out. p value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Smoking was the most important factor in the development of TCC of urinary bladder with odds ratio of 31. Driving was the next common factor. Low socioeconomic conditions appear to be an important factor in our set up. The role of chemicals in industrial work could not be established. Differences from the West exist regarding the etiological factors for the development of TCC of urinary bladder. Males outnumber the females by a significant ratio. Smoking is an important factor in the development of TCC of urinary bladder. Most bladder cancers arise in low socioeconomic group in our set up