Association of urinary calcium and phosphate with bone mineral density among postmenopausal women

ABSTRACT

Development of peak bone mass and premenopausal bone loss is determined by the menstrual status of a women. Objective of this study was to determine the association of urinary calcium and phosphate with bone loss in post-menopausal women. This study is cross sectional. It was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Females [n = 90] were assessed with measurements of Body Mass Index, 24 hour urinary excretion of calcium creatinine ratio, Phosphate creatinine ratio. Bone mineral density of women was evaluated by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometrey [DEXA] and its association was analyzed with urinary calcium creatinine ratio and urinary phosphate creatinine ratio. Twenty two [44%] postmenopausal women were found to be osteoporotic while 24 [48%] were osteopenic on the basis of BMD measurements. The mean urinary calcium creatinine ratio and phosphate creatinine ratio was increased in postmenopausal women compared to pre-menopausal women [p < 0.001]. A significant negative correlation was found between BMD [hip] and urinary calcium and phosphate [r = - 0.65, p < 0.05] [r = - 0.58, p < 0.01] respectively in post-menopausal osteoporotic women. Urinary calcium and phosphate creatinine ratio appears to be a valuable markers for assessing bone loss in postmenopausal women