Stress response induced by carbon nanoparticles in paracentrotus lividus

ABSTRACT

Members of the 14-3-3 protein family are involved in many important cellular events, including stress response, survival and apoptosis. Genes of the 14-3-3 family are conserved from plants to humans, and some members are responsive to UV radiation. Despite the high rate of pollution generated by nano-pollutants, up to now is totally obscure their toxic effect on development. Embryos treated with carbon nanoparticles, RNA preparation, retrotranscription and quantitative real-time PCR. In response to carbon nano-particles exposure, the embryos collected 24 h later showed a 3,07-fold at 5x10[12] p and a 1,58-fold at 2.5x10[13] p and a 1,92-fold at 2.5x10[14] p increase in Pl14-3-3epsilon transcript levels compared with controls. The Pl14-3-3epsilon mRNA delocalization parallels the failure in archenteron elongation observed morphologically, as well as the lack of specific endoderm markers. Here, we report the isolation of the complete cDNA encoding the 14-3-3 epsilon isoform from Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos, referred to as Pl14-3-3epsilon. Pl14-3-3epsilon mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR during development and found to increase from the mesenchyme blastula to the prism stage. Our results confirm the involvement of 14-3-3epsilon in the stress response elicited by carbon nano-particles.