Biological monitoring of fuel stations workers occupationally exposed to petroleum products

ABSTRACT

The increased use of petroleum products in automobiles and industry has led to the deterioration in air quality and human health. Petrol [or gasoline] is a volatile and inflammable petroleum derived liquid mixture primarily used for internal combustion of engines. Occupational exposure to gasoline and air pollutant from vehicular sources are relatively unexplored. The main purpose of this study was conducting biological monitoring for petrol workers occupationally exposed to petroleum product and air pollutants. The study was conducted on fifty male workers employed in petrol filler stations and fifty subjects were recruited as a control group matched for age, sex and socio-economic status. Results revealed that presence of high significant association in the levels of liver enzymes and some haematological changes among exposed workers. In addition to the significant decline in the lung function. Also significant increase in urinary phenol as a biomarker of benzene exposure was found. Sulphur dioxide nitrogen dioxide, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide did not exceed the standards indoor air quality guidelines. However, particulate matter exceeded the limits as indoor air quality guidelines. This study demonstrated that it is possible to detect human health risks at an early stage using sensitive techniques. It is concluded that petrol pump workers should be carefully monitored and should take adequate protective measures to prevent long term effects