[Incidence rate of pressure sores after cardiac surgery during hospitalization and its relevant factors]

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to assess incidence rate sores after cardiac surgery during hospitalization and its relevant factors, also discussed differences between sore and burn as a result of unstandard connections of electrocautery system in operating room. Surgical patients because of risk factors that exist in operating room, have more potential to develop pressure sore than general acut patients. Pressure sores and burn may both occur in the intraoperative environments and are often difficult for personnel to differentiate upon postoperative inspection. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 333 patients in 6 month, who were operated in Shaheed Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center. Samples were selected Unrandomly. Demographic information, pre-intra-post operation [ICU and surgical ward] were collected by questionnaire.Data were analyzed using software SPSS 15 and descriptive statistical tests. Incidence rate of pressure sores after cardiac surgery was 21.3%.71 patients were involved with pressure sores, 67 cases in ICU and 4 cases after admission in ward.68[95.7%]were first degree and 3[4.2%]were second degree. This Shows meaning relationship with, sex, hypertension, myocardial infarction, intraoperative Hypoxemia ,Using mattress postoperatively, inotropic drugs, blood pressure<80mmhg,reoperation,decreased hematocrit and albumin, hospitalization and duration of staying in ward. More skin damage were seen after operation in ICU immediately or in the first 24 hours. It is worthful to control comorbidities before, during and after operation. Incidence of pressure sores can be minimized by providing enough perfusion during operation, using silicon mattress on bed of operating room, using mattress and changing position especially during stay in ICU, also paying attention to nutritional states and other known factors in study. Electrocautery system of operating rooms must always and periodically be checked, also taking care of probably bums to prevent from converting into pressure sores is very important