Diarrhea due to infection with parasites and other pathogenic agents in ibn-koldon hospital lahaj, Yemen

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to investigate the possible existence of these emerging pathogens and the parasitic profile in stool samples in the district city of Lahaj, Yemen. All stool samples submitted to the Microbiology and Parasitological departments of the Ibn-Koldon Hospital in Lahaj Governorate, and Faculty of Education Aden laboratory within the period of the January - June 2012. Fecal parasites were identified according to the standard ufpurasitological methods. Stool samples were cultured for bacterial pathogens and colonies morphologically, were further identified based on appropriate biochemical reactions and the results were confirmed by using HIMEDIA[TM[Biochemical Test Kit. Samples in which fungi grown on Sabouraud dextrose media were inoculated to corn meal agar, fungi were typed according to the morphological appearance under the microscope. Microscopic identification showed 90/686 [13.1%], 25 [3.6%], 11 [1.6%] and 4 [0.6%] respectively infections by parasitic diarrhea! infection [protozoa and worms], bacteria, fungus and unknown agents among the 686 [100.0%]patients who had provided a slool specimen. The parasites demonstrated were A. lumbricoides [17], Amebea spp., [6], Ikilanriciiuin coli [1], Cryptosporidium spp., [10], E. histolytica [50], E. vermicularis [6], Entunweha coli [5], F. hepatica [1], G. lamblia [17], If. nana [3], Hookworm[7], Schisjosoma spp., [2], and T. trichiura [6]. The lowest number of patients with parasitic protozoa and worms found in January 7 [6.2%] cases, and the highest number of patients with parasitic protozoa and worms found in June with 23 [41.8%] cases. Males showed a slightly higher infection rate [51.1% 46/90] than females 48.9% [44/90]. There was a predominance of single infection 55/90 [61.1%] in relation to multiple infections 35/90 [38.9%]. The incidence of parasitic diarrheal infection was highest [45.6% 41/90] in the age group II to 20 years and the lowest incidence was seen in the age group 31 to 40 years [0.0%]. The rate of infection by E. histolytica 49/134 [36.7%] and G. lamblia 17/134 [12.69%], were higher in parasitic diarrheal infection compared to the other age groups. Blood was collected from the patients and examined by ELISA test for the detection of IgG in the serum, only 73.46% [36/49] samples were positive for E. histolytica and 13 were negative. The most often isolated microorganisms in diarrheal patients were E. coli 14 [56.0%], and S. uureus, Citrobacter spp,, S. typhi and Campilobcter spp., were found in lower percentage each one 4.0%. Distributed of 11 fungi isolated were C. albicans 9 [81.8%] and C. tropicalis 2[18.2%]. The prevalence study revealed a high prevalence of parasites [E. histolytica, G. tciinhlia and A. lumbricoides and of bacteria diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli finally C. a/bicans] as the predominant cause of diarrheal infection in this region of the country. These microbes should therefore he considered when designing preventive strategies for people living in this district