Corneal topography analysis of stromal corneal dystrophies

ABSTRACT

The aim was to compare the corneal topography and tomography parameters of macular corneal dystrophy [MCD], granular corneal dystrophy [GCD] and lattice corneal dystrophy [LCD] patients obtained by Scheimpflug imaging system. The charts, photographs and topography images of patients were reviewed retrospectively. This study included 73 eyes of 73 patients [28 MCD, 20 GCG and 25 LCD patients]. Topography images were obtained by Pentacam [Oculus Optikgerate, Wetzlar, Germany]. The densitometry readings at the corneal apex were used for the statistics. The female to male ratio was 13/15 in MCD group, 12/8 in GCD group and 13/12 in LCD group. The mean age median age was 32, 45 and 53 years in MCD, GCD and LCD groups respectively. The groups were similar regarding the gender [p=0.861]. The MCD group was significantly younger than the other two groups [p<0.001]. The median [minmum-maximum] corneal densities were 100 [100-100], 68 [17-100] and 97 [34-100] Pentacam densitometry units in MCD, GCD and LCD groups respectively. The corneal density at the corneal apex was significantly higher in MCD group than in the other groups [p<0.001]. The GCD and LCD groups were statistically similar in terms of density of the corneal apex [p=0.079]. In MCD group, corneal thickness at the apex and at the thinnest location was significantly thinner, than in the other groups [p=.002 for thickness at apex between MCD and LCD, and p<.001 for all the remaining comparisons]. In MCD group corneal volume was significantly smaller than in the other groups [p<.001 for all comparisons]. Densitometry on Scheimpflug imaging system gives information on the density of corneal opacities