Smokeless tobacco consumption in a multi-ethnic community in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study
EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2014; 20 (6): 385-390
in English
| IMEMR
| ID: emr-159234
ABSTRACT
Smokeless tobacco is commonly used in south Asia. In addition to causing oral and pharyngeal cancers, its harmful effects are comparable to smoking tobacco. A cross-sectional survey with systematic sampling was conducted in 2010-2011 to investigate smokeless tobacco use in a multi-ethnic, semi-urban population in Islamabad, Pakistan [n = 2030]. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use was 16.0% [21.6% among males and 8.8% among females]; 51.7% of smokeless tobacco users were also cigarette smokers. The rate of smokeless tobacco use was comparatively high among Pakhtun males [38.2%] and Sindhi females [22.4%]. The associations between smokeless tobacco use and ethnicity, age group, income level and cigarette smoking were statistically significant among male smokeless tobacco users. Of the sample 41.4% [840/2030] had inadequate knowledge about the health problems associated with smokeless tobacco. Appropriate interventions are needed to raise awareness of the health risks and to prevent smokeless tobacco use
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Index:
IMEMR (Eastern Mediterranean)
Main subject:
Ethnicity
/
Smoking
/
Cross-Sectional Studies
/
Surveys and Questionnaires
/
Tobacco Use
Type of study:
Prevalence study
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
East Mediterr Health J.
Year:
2014
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