Histopathological characteristics of breast cancer and evaluation of ER alpha and Her-2neu using immunohistochemical and RT-PCR techniques

ABSTRACT

Oestrogen receptor [ER] and HER [human epidermal growth factor receptor] family signaling pathways are fundamental to guide treatment and determine prognosis. Categorizing breast cancer tumors as ER and Her-2 positive or negative is usually performed by immunohistochemistry [IHC], however the technique lacks standardization in handling tissues, staining techniques, and scoring systems. The current study aimed to compare the conventional IHC and the RT-PCR techniques in assessing the ER-alpha status in breast cancer. It also validates the application of RT-PCR technique in detecting the Her-2/neu status. The study included 40 patients with IDC [NOS] [invasive ductal carcinoma; not otherwise specified]. Breast tissue specimens were collected at the time of the elective surgery. Specimens were subjected to routine pathological examinations. ER alpha and PR receptor status; assessed by immunohistochemical staining. RNA was extracted, reverse transcribed, and amplified by PCR using ER alpha and HER-2 specific primers. Relative expression was detected