Cytokines and mother sporocysts in susceptible and resistant bulinus truncatus snails infected with schistosoma haematobium

ABSTRACT

The presence of immunoreactive interleukin [IL-2] interferon gamma [FN-y] and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha] in addition to the citation of mother sporscytes in cephalopodal musculature in the susceptible and resistance Bulinus truncatus the specific intermediate host for the trematode Schistosoma haematobium were investigated. Using ELISA tests, Results indicated that the concentration of IL-2-like activity in the susceptible and resistant snails decreased significantly after infection then persisted at low levels until the 4[th] week post exposure [WPE] in susceptible snails, while in resistant snails elevated during the second WPE, and returned to initial level at 3 and 4 WPE. Susceptible snails had low detectable levels of TNF-alpha and INF-y like-activity after infection. However, the resistant snails had significant low levels of TNF-alpha and INF-y like-activity from 3 WPE until the 4th WPE without any sign of normalization. Histological sections in the head- foot region of susceptible and resistance B, truncatus infected with S. haematobium, mother sporocysts exists froml to 7 [day post exposure] DPE, in the susceptible snail the mother sporocysts were found as single, multiple and mature types. No mother sporocysts were appear in the lip and mantle of the snail on 2, 5, 7 DPE and on 1-3, 6 DPE respectively. In the resistant snails few mother sporocysts were found in the lip, mantle and tentacles. The results showed that schistosome-resistant Bulinus can be an alternative strategy for the control of schistosomiasis