Pulmonary tuberculosis; cardiac manifestations

ABSTRACT

To determine the cardiac manifestations in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Case series study. Jan 2014 to June 2014. Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. All the patients presented with shortness of breath, cough with sputum, fever, haemoptysis, anorexia and weight loss were recruited and then the subjects with early morning sputum positive for acid fast bacilli and radiological lesions suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis, of ?20 years of age and either gender were enrolled and entered in the study. The data was analyzed in SPSS 16 and the frequency and percentage was calculated. Total one hundred patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were evaluated for cardiac manifestation during six months study period. The mean +/- SD for age of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 45.21 +/- 8.95. The mean age +/- SD of patient with cardiac manifestations was 48.95 +/- 5.53. The majority of the subjects were in 30-49 years age group with male predominance [p<0.01]. The electrocardiographic findings were observed in 72/100 [72%] patients whereas echocardiographic changes were observed in 50/72 [69.4%] patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The common ECG findings identified were tachycardia 30.5%, P-pulmonale 12.5% and PR prolonged in 9.7% patients with tuberculosis whereas the common echocardiographic findings noticed were pericardial effusion 42% and multiple abnormalities in 24% subjects with tuberculosis. The sinus tachycardia, cor-pulmonale and low voltage QRS complexes were predominant abnormalities on electrocardiograph whereas pericardial effusion was the common abnormality on echocardiography in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis