Frequency of congenital heart diseases in neonatology section of a tertiary care hospital Peshawar

ABSTRACT

To determine the frequency of common congenital heart diseases [CHD] in children presenting to Pediatrics, Department of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Cross sectional descriptive study. This study was conducted in the Pediatrics and Neonatology Department of Lady, Reading hospital Peshawar, from 14[th] July 2010 to 14[th] July 2011. A total of 481 patients, using 3.1% propotion of ASD in cases with CHD, 95% Confidence interval, 1.55% margin of error, under WHO software formula for sample size determination. Children from 0-18 years of age clinically diagnosed cases with their echocardio-graphy which was also suggestive of CHD were included in this study. Postoperative cases of CHD as they require different kind of management plan and Confirmed cases of CHD were excluded. Patients with acyanotic CHD were 416 [86.48%] and with cyanotic CHD were 65 [13.52%]. Cases of ventricular septal defect [VSD] were 190 [39.5%] and amongst them 120 [63.16%] were males and 70 [36.8%] were females. Cases of atrial septal defect [ASD] were 146 [30.35%] and amongst them 63 [43.15%] were males and 83 [56.84%] were female. Thus, there was a female preponderance of ASD patients as compared to VSD. As for patent ductus arteriosus [PDA] there were 80 [16.63%] cases and of transposition of great arteries [TGA] were 30 [6.23%]. Whereas cases of tetrology of fallot [TOF] were 35 [7.27%]. Congenital heart defects [CHD] are among the most common birth defects and are the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths. VSD is the commonest acyanotic CHD whereas TOF is the commonest cyanotic heart disease