Moderate sedation with midazolam- ketamine versus propofolketamine for bone marrow biopsy

ABSTRACT

Small- dose ketamine in combination with sedative drugs has increasingly been used for sedation and analgesia during local anaesthesia in outpatient procedure. This study compared the efficacy of sedation and analgesia of ketamine midazolam versus ketamine propofol combinations in bone marrow biopsy. Sixty patients of either sex undergoing bone marrow biopsy procedure under local anesthesia participated in this study. They were randomly allocated into two groups of 30 patients each, all received ketamine 0.5 mg /kg with either midazolam 0.05 mg/kg [KM group] or propofol 2.5 mg/kg [KP group]. Supplementary dose of ketamine was administered to achieve adequate sedation level. Time to induce sedation, recovery oxygen time, saturation and adverse effects were recorded. The sedation levels were satisfactory in both groups except two patients in KM group and one in KP group. The most common side effects in KP group were pain on injection and hypoxia, where nausea and vomiting were the commonest side effects with KM group. Induction and recovery times were significantly shorter in KP group. Both combinations provided adequate sedation for bone marrow biopsy procedure but KP offer a quicker onset of sedation and a faster, smoother recovery