Chemokines: small molecules participate in diabetes

ABSTRACT

Chemokines are small protein molecules involved in cell signaling processes. They play a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes. Chemokines are functionally classified into two categories; inflammatory/inducible and constitutive. Their biologic functional differences are the result of their receptors structural differences. Recently some studies were performed about the chemokines changes in diabetes. Inflammatory mechanisms have an important role in diabetes. Inthisreviewarticle we searched the keywordschemokines, diabetes, diabetes pathogenesis, and type1 and 2diabetes in Persianresources, PubMed andfamousEnglish-language websitesthrough advanced searchenginesand found the newest studies about the roleof chemokinesin thepathogenesisof diabetes. The results of the studies showed that diabetes and its disorders enhance the activation of immune cells and the expression of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, SDF-1, INF-gamma, TGF-beta, MCP-1, IP-10, TNF-alpha, and RANTES; most of them have impact on the pathogenesis of diabetes. Comparison and analysis of the results obtained from our research and the results of performed studies in the world and Iran shows that chemokines, like other protein molecules involved in the pathogenesis and etiology of diabetes, play a role in this process