Contact exposure of red Baladi rabbits to diazinon induces physiological and histopathological changes

ABSTRACT

Diazinon are widely used as pesticides in agriculture. So, the current work aimed to investigate the effects of diazinon exposure on some physiological aspects, histopathological changes and histochemical acetyl- cholinesterase in red Baladi rabbits. Seventy-two red Baladi bucks were distributed into three groups, the rabbits of the first group were dipped into tap water and served as control group. The rabbits of the second and the third groups were dipped in diazinon at concentrations of 0.6 mg [DLC] and 3 mg [DHC] dissolved in one litter of water, respectively for 10 sec. This step was repeated after 10 days. The animals were sacrificed by jugular vein incision after 0, 1, 3, 7, 15 and 21 day following the second dipping of rabbits in diazinon. In whole blood, diazinon decreased rabbits's RBC's [P<0.01] and Hb [P<0.05], while MCV and MCH were elevated [P<0.01] for both tested concentrations, but PCV values were increased only [P<0.01] in the DHC group. In plasma TP was decreased [P<0.01] in both tested concentrations, however cholesterol was increased [P<0.01] in the DLC and DHC groups. Meanwhile hydroxylamine and nitrite were increased only in the DHC treated group. Liver body weight ratio and cytochrome P-450 were decreased [P<0.01] in both tested concentrations, while microsomal protein was increased [P<0.01] in both concentrations. RBC's, PCV and microsomal protein were increased [P < 0.01] by the days of treatment. Meanwhile, MCV, MCH, MCHC, liver body weight ratio and cytochrom P-450 were decreased [P <0.01] by the days of treatment. There was no definite trend with days of treatment for WBC's, Hb, TP, cholesterol, hydroxylamine and nitrite. There was a highly significant effect of concentration X day interaction [P<0.01] on all tested parameters. Histopathological changes of liver, kidney and brain were observed after DHC dipping. Glycogen content was decreased in liver and increased in kidney Bowman's capsule. Furtheremore, the AChE activity was inhibited in brain tissue and decreased in liver and gradually increased in kidney glomeruli cells. Exposure of animals to diazinin caused extensive changes in physiological, histochemical and histopathological parameters, the kidney and brain were highly affected by the diazinon exposure when compared with liver. Diazinon lead to negative response on animal performance