Evaluation of time dependent structural changes of rat urinary bladder in experimentally induced diabetes mellitus light and electron microscopic study

ABSTRACT

Diabetes Mellitus [DM] is a chronic disease that requires a long-term medical attention. Diabetic bladder dysfunction is among the most common consequences of DM. This work aimed to evaluate the histological changes in the urinaly bladder of the rats in streptozotocin induced- DM. It also aimed to study the influence of duration of diabetes on these changes. Thirty male albino rats were used in the present study. They were divided into three groups. Group I consisted of six rats and constituted the control group. Group II consisted of twelve rats which was equally divided into two subgroups III-A and Il-B. They included the rats which were killed four and eight weeks respectively after a single injection of citrate buffer. Group III consisted of twelve rats which was further subdivided into two equal subgroups III- A and Ill-B. They included the diabetic rats which were sacrificed four and eight weeks after diabetes induction respectively. After the end of the experiment the urinary bladder was dissected and the specimens were prepared fir light, electron microscopic and morphometric study. In subgroup Ill-A, there were focal areas where the suffice cells of the urothelium appeared widely separated and shrunken. In subgroup Ill-B, there were multiple areas of denuded urothelium. Collagen fibers and residues of degenerated nerve fibers were seen between the myocytes. Frequent mast cells could be detected in the urothelium and in the connective tissue beneath the urothelium. The morphometric and statistical study revealed a significant increase in thickness of the urothelium and the muscle layer as well as in the area percentage of the collagen content after four weeks of diabetes induction and became a highly significant increase after eight weeks when compared with the control group. It was concluded that diabetes. induced time-dependent structural changes in the urinaly bladders of rats that might account for bladder dysfunction