Epidemiology of chronic kidney diseases in rural areas of Qena district, Egypt

ABSTRACT

The prevalence of patients with end stage renal disease [ESRD] who needs dialysis and/or transplantation has more than doubled in Egypt during the past two decades. The early recognition and the institution of proven therapeutic strategies are important and beneficial. To determine the prevalence of CKD in Qena district and to evaluate the risk factors associated with CKD. A sample of 450 candidates aged from 20 years and older from two villages from Qena district participated, they were interviewed using questionnaires. Physical examination, urinanlysis, blood samples and abdominal ultrasound were done. The prevalence of CKD in Qena district, was 30.2% and the frequency of CKD stages I,II,III and IV in this study were 10.9%, 7.6% ,8.9% ,2.9% respectively of total studied sample. The study showed that hypertension was the commonest risk factor [13.1%] followed by diabetes [10.2%], past history of stone [7.8%].The other risk factors were past history of bilharziasis [3.8%], chronic urinary tract infection [3.3%], chronic non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs use [1.8%], gout [1.6%], polycystic kidney disease [0.9%], systemic lupus[0.9%], past history of proteinuria [0.7%] and rheumatoid arthritis[0.7%]. CKD has a high prevalence in Qena district, and the commonest risk factors were HTN and DM