Gender differences in factors associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents

ABSTRACT

The objectives of study were to examine the gender differences in suicidal ideation and associated risk factors, and to identify the contributing factors to suicidal ideation for male and female adolescents. The 545 students [208 males and 337 females] with age range of 16 to 19 years, were administered Personal Information Form, Urdu translated versions of Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation Inventory, Aga Khan University Anxiety and Depression Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Social Support Questionnaire, and Religious Coping Scale. The t-test indicated gender difference on suicidal ideation and symptoms of anxiety-depression. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that nuclear family system, diagnosis of physical/ mental illness in family members, suicide attempts by friends, symptoms of anxiety-depression, level of satisfaction with social support, and negative religious coping are significantly increasing odd ratios for both gender. Suicide attempt in past, and by family members, and hopelessness emerged as significant contributing factors of suicidal ideation among females. Self-esteem appeared to be factor behind increased odd ratios of suicidal ideation for males. Implications of the study are suggested