Imp-1 metallo beta-lactamase producing pseudomonas aeruginosa and resistance to antibiotics

ABSTRACT

The frequency of multi-drug resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are increasingly recognized worldwide. P. aeruginosa isolates resistant to all antimicrobial agents have been detected in many areas. Since IMP1 producers tend to demonstrate a wide range of resistance to various broad-spectrum beta-lactam including oxyimino cephalosporin, cephamycine and carbapenemes, early recognifion of IMP-1 producers is very important for rigorous infection control. The present study was designed to detect the incidence of P. aeruginosa infection, characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles and screen for the IMP-1 producers strains. From 1[st]of July 2007 to 30 June 2008, A total of 4031 isolates were obtained of these 837 [20.76%] were identified as Pseudomonas, the great majority of them was P. aeruginosa [n=816; 97.5%] and the most of which was isolated from the wounds [n=256; 30.6%] , sputum [n= 242; 28.9%] , urine [n=64; 7.6%], Tracheal aspirate [n=55; 6.65] and lastly ear swab [n=3; 0.35%]. Intensive care unit accounts the most source of infection [n= 171; 20.4%] then burns unit [n=111; 13.3%] and lastly obstetric department [n=8; 0.9%]. High resistance rates were observed for all antibiotics studied. imipenem appeared to be the most active agent against the majority of isolates [ S=78%], then levofloxacin [S=75%], followed by piperacillin / tazobactam [S= 71%], amikacin [S= 67%], tobramycin [S=65%], ciprofloxacin [S= 63%], cefepime [S=60%], gentamycin [S= 59%], pipracillin and ceftazidime [S= 57% for each], while ceftriaxone and cefotaxime were the least active agents with a sensitivity [35%] only. IMP-1 Metallo-beta-lactamas were detected in 148 [41% of the 360 CAZ- resistant isolates] out of 816 P. aeruginosa iso1ates. After the results of this study we concluded that the rates of P. aeruginosa infection were high with increasing in IMP-1 Metallo-beta-lactamase producers strains. Infection control procedures for multi drug resistance need to be re-viewed urgently. There is also a pressing need for new, and hopefully novel, compounds active against pan-resistant Gram-negative bacteria a growing problem that needs to be addressed by both governments and industries