Further phytochemical studies of dalbergia sissoo roxb growing in Egypt

Preliminary phytochemical screening of different parts of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb cultivated in Egypt showed the presence of flavonoids in free form and as glycosides, sterols, triterpenes, tannins and polysaccharides. Isolation trials of flavonoids were undertaken based on their high content in the plant. Biochanin A was purified as the major constituent of the leaves. Beside triterpenes obtained from the CHCl[3] extract of the bark, dalbergin, a known neoflavonoid was purified. Kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucoside and quercetin -3- alpha- L- rhamnoside were isolated for the first time from the EtOAc fraction of the leaves. Theis flavonoids tectorigenin, tectorigenin-7-O-apioglucoside and the new compound tectorigenin-4'-0-apioglucoside were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the bark. Rutin [quercetin-3-rutinoside] was purified as the major flavonoid in the n-butanol extract of the leaves. The identification of the isolated flavonoids was performed using measurement of the physical constants, UV, IR, EIMS, Positive FABMS and [1]HNMR. GLC of the fatty acid methyl esters of the leaf, stem and bark showed that stearic and palmitic acids are the major saturated fatty acids, while linoleic is the major unsaturated fatty acid. GC/MS analysis of the unsaponifiable matter of leaves showed the presence of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, cholesterol acetate, cholesterol, p-amyrin and the major triterpene a-amyrin, beta-sitosteroI was also purified and identified using mass spectrometry and argentation chromatography