Chronic diabetes mellitus: osteotic and mineral changes in human beings and rats

ABSTRACT

Clinical examination and Laboratory investigations done to IS male type I chronic diabetic patients [insulin dependent more than 5 years] and to an age mached group of 10 normal male volunteers revealed normocalcaemia and normomagnesaemia with significant hyperphosphataemia. Estimation of serum level of parathormone showed significant hypoparathyroidism. An addition, significant hypercalcuria, hyperphosphaturia and hpermagnes uria were also detected. Histopathological examination of trabecular bone biopsies from both groups revealed marked osteoportic changes among the diabetic patients. Biochemical analysis of similar bone samples supported the microscopic findings by demonstrating significant decrease of calcium contents of the bone in the diabetic group. In the chronic rats [7 weeks after streptozotecin induction] significant hypercalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia and normomagnesaemia were found. Their sera showed significant hypoparathyroidism. In addition, significant hypermagnesuria. Histopathological examination of the rat's right tibiae revealed advanced rachitic changes. Biochemical analysis of the left tibias approved the microscopic findings by showing significant decrease in bone calcium contents