Diabetes mellitus: findings from 20 years of the Tehran lipid and glucose study

Context: we summarized findings from Tehran lipid and glucose study [TLGS] about different aspects of type 2 diabetes [T2D] over the span of nearly 2 decades

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Evidence Acquisition: a review was undertaken to retrieve papers related to all aspects of T2D from the earliest date available up to January 30, 2018

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Results: an annual crude incidence rate of 10 per 1000 person-years of follow-up was found for T2D in adult participants. Overall incidence rate of pre-diabetes/T2D was 36.3 per 1000 person-years or about 1% each year among youth. Diabetes was associated with increased risk of CVD[hazard ratio [HR]: 1.86, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.57 - 2.27] and mortality [HR: 2.56; 95% CI: 2.08 - 3.16] in the total population. Compared with non-diabetic men and women, their diabetic counterparts survived 1.4 and 0.7 years shorter, respectively, during 15 years of follow-up. Wrist circumference, hyperinsulinaemia, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and increase in alanin aminotranferase provided incremental prognostic information beyond the traditional risk factors for incident T2D in adults. Using decision tree algorithms, a number of high risk groups were found for incident T2D. A probability of 84% was found for incidence of T2D among a group of men with fasting plasma glucose [FPG] > 5.3 mmol/L and waist to height ratio [WHtR] > 0.56, and women with FPG > 5.2 mmol/L and WHtR > 0.56

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Conclusions: original TLGS studies have contributed greatly to clarify important evidence regarding the epidemiology and risk factors for T2D among Iranian population