value of serum glycolytic enzymes in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy monitoring of acute childhood leukemia and lymphoma

ABSTRACT

Serum aldolase [ALD], phosphoglucomutase [PGM], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] and enolase [ENL] were studied in 34 cases with acute leukemia including 22 cases with acute lymphocytic leukemia [ALL] and 12 cases with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia [ANLL]; 35 cases with lymphomas formed of 29 cases with non-Hodgkins lymphomna [NHL] and 6 cases with Hodgkins lymphoma [HL]; and 25 controls. Significantly higher glycolytic enzyme activities were observed in all disease groups studied before treatment than the controls. Cases with abdominal NHL showed significantly higher serum glyeolytic enzyme activities than either head and neck NHL or mediastinal NHL. There was significant positive correlation between both serum LDH and aldolase activities and the rate of relapse in eases with NHL. Serum LDH showed the highest sensitivity in diagnosing cases with ALL and cases with NHL while serum aldolase showed the highest sensitivity in diagnosing cases with ANLL. Significantly higher serum glycolytic enzyme activities were observed in all disease groups studied before clinical and/or hematological relapse than controls by a period ranged from 2.5 to 6 months [Biochemical relapse]. Serum enolase activity showed significantly higher values in cases of ALL with than without CNS relapse. These glycolytic enzymes appeared to be useful markers in diagnoses, prognosis and early relapse detection of ALL cases, ANLL cases and NHL cases. Serum enolase estimation also may be of value in detecting CNS relapse in cases with ALL