ultrastructureal, histological and biochemical study on the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects of a therapeutic dose of an expired preparation of gentamycin in albino rats

ABSTRACT

Gentamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic with nephrotoxicity and suggestedhepatotoxicity. Nonprescription use/abuse of nephrotoxic drugs was suggestedas contributing factor to the increase in incidence of renal failure in Egypt. The current study included cases of accidental intake of expired preparationof gentamycin. Three groups of adult albino rats of both sexes were classified into 3 groups Group 1, distilled water = vehicle [n = 8]; group 2,expired preparation of gentamycin sulfate [n = 10] and group 3, gentamycinsulfate [n = 10]. Animals were examined and weighed daily. Doses were 7.2mg/kg/12 hrs, i.m. for 7 days. This was equivalent to the human therapeuticdose. On the 8th day, all animals were sacrificed and retro-orbital blood wassampled for ALT/AST [SGPT/SGOT], total bilirubin, urea and creatinine. Liverand kidney sections were prepared for staining by hematoxylin and eosin, PASand Masson's Trichrome. Liver and kidney of previously randomly chosenanimals from group 1 [n = 1], groups 2 and 3 [n = 2/group] were preparedfor electron microscopy. Group 2, females showed significant decreases inbody weight gain. Total bilirubin showed significant rise in group 2 femalesthan in group 3, while AST showed a significant increase in group 2 males thanin group 3. Liver changes were marked in group 2, while renal histopathologywas more obvious in group 3