Cardiovascular and pulmonary disturbances in end stage renal disease

ABSTRACT

One hundred patients with end-stage renal disease [ESRD] and dyspnoes were evaluated for cardiovascular and pulmonary disturbances. Patients were divided into two groups according to age. Group 1 included 27 males 21 females, a total of 48 patients with age below forty years, and group II included 30 males and 22 females, a total of 52 patients with age above forty years. Exertional dyspnoes was common presentation for all patients in both groups. Orthopnoea, anginal chest pain, and non productive cough were significantly common features in group II [P<0.002, P<0.01, P<0.002 respectively]. While pleuretic chest pain] found in a significant number among patients in group I [P<0.05]. Sinus rhythm was the prevailing rhythm for all patients in both groups. The pulse was of collapsing character in a significant number of patients in group I [P<0.05]. Hypertension was discovered in 48% of patients of both groups but it was severe in only 18.75%. There was no significant difference between the two age groups. congestive heart failure was seen in 21% of patients of both groups. Pneumonic consolidations confirmed radiologically were a significant finding among patients in group I [P<0.05]. Electrocadriography was significantly abnormal [P<0.002] among patients in group II [90.38%], while it was abnormal only in 45.3% of patients in group I. It is concluded that cardiovascular and pulmonary disturbances were common causes of dyspnea in ESRD and early recognition of these fatal complications might decrease the morbidity and prolong the survival of those patients