Differentiation between infected repeatedly vaccinated and free animal with fmd virus using bio-engineered VIA

ABSTRACT

Sera from infected, vaccinated and negative cattle were tested using 3D ELISA to allow each category of animals to be clearly differentiated based on the presence of antibody to 3D antigen. The assay can recognize infected animals in countries where FMD outbreaks have occurred, specially if ring vaccination has been performed, also at the same time vaccinated animals can become infected without apparent clinical symptoms. 3D ELISA test is simple and rapid to discriminate between antibodies elicited by FMD infection or by vaccination