Lesions nerveuses en chirurgie buccale et implantaire a la mandibule: etiopathogenie, prevention, et traitement

ABSTRACT

Nerve injuries are among the most fearful complications occurring during surgical procedures in the mandible because of their symptoms and their long and often irreversible evolution. The inferior alveolar nerve as the lingual, mylohyoid and buccal ones can be injured following different surgical procedures [wisdom tooth extractions, Cyst enucleation, implant surgery ']. The surgeon, aided by different means of diagnosis put at his disposal, must appreciate their anatomy before any surgical procedure in their region. Thus, the dental radiology along with the emergence of modern techniques [dentascan, scanora '] must guide the surgical thechnique in order to prevent nerve injuries which lead to the emergence of clinical and functional signs very disabling to the patient. Managing these complications is very important in order to help the patient recover his altered sensations. The diagnosis is often evident in the presence of parestehsia or the chin, lingual or buccal level. The prognosis depends on the type of injury and on the medicinal or surgical therapeutic attitude