Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus in an Egyptian village

ABSTRACT

A cross sectional survey, by a past history of diabetes mellitus or treatment, was done on children and adolescents group of 1768 patients [5- <20 years] screened for the asymptomatic glucosuria and confirmed by the measurement of fasting serum glucose two hours after 75 g oral glucose load. The pregnant cases [N = 172] were subjected to a glucose challenge test with a 50 glucose load. The adults >20 years [N = 2409] were screened by a random capillary glucose testing and those with 5.6 mmol/l were subjected to the measurement of fasting serum glucose and serum glucose two hours after 75 g oral glucose load. All diagnosed cases were subjected to a questionnaire interview covering the possible risk factors according to the type of diabetes. A case control study was done, where the diagnosed NIDDM [142] and impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] [55] cases as well as an age and sex matched nondiabetic control group [205] were subjected to a questionnaire interview, estimation of body mass index, determination of sedentary lifestyle and HCV antibody determination. A comparative study between the controlled [hemoglobin A1c <7%] and uncontrolled [hemoglobin A1c >7%] previously diagnosed NIDDM and IGT patients was done. These cases were subjected to KAP study for the management of the disease, clinical examination with a special reference to cardiovascular and neurological examination and an examination of the ocular fundi, any other diabetic complication and lipid profile study