Morphological study of bone formation induced in by cranial and femoral demineralized bone implants in dog mandible: a comparative study

The aim of this study was to compare between canine cranial [membranous] and femoral [endochondral] demineralized bone matrix [DBM] as an osteoinductive biomaterial. Utilizing histological study and scanning electron microscope [SEM], a comparison between the two types of demineralized implants was conducted to detect bone induction in dog mandible. The expected bone induction process was followed after 4-6 months. FT-IR spectroscopy of cranial and femoral bones before and after demineralization detected the form of protein found and the degree of demineralization obtained. The results proved that as early as four-month implantation, the cranial DBM graft showed early signs of ossification and cancellous bone formation. While in case of femoral DBM, there was a necrotic material in the defect. At 6-month implantation, the cranial DBM showed mesenchymal tissue filling the defect which changed into cancellous bone. In case of femoral DBM, signs of ossification and formation of immature cancellous bone trabeculae were detected in a narrow zone