Result and complication of vertical banded gastroplasty in morbid obesity

ABSTRACT

Vertical Banded Gastroplasty [VBG] is a method to reduce the stomach volume, which causes weight loss through lowering amount of consuming solid foods. This operation consists of implanting a small pouch in the proximal of the stomach and a tight exit area. This study was made to evaluate the efficacy and complication of VBG in the treatment of morbid obesity. The present practical study is prospective clinical experience without control group who was carried out between year 1376 and 1381. Of total 30 patients; 21 [70%] females and 9 [30%] male who underwent [VBG] in Baqiyatallah hospital. The averages of age was 32.87 +/- 8.12 years, height 168.66 cm, weight 130.70 +/- 19.33 Kg and BMI 45.53 +/- 10.15 kg/m[2]. The indication of surgery was BMI >40 or BMI = 35-40 with co-morbid illness. Seventy percent of patients complained from a symptom due to excess weight and co-morbid illness [diabetes, high blood pressure, cardio-pulmonary problems]. Duration of hospitalization in the patients in the groups without early complication was 9.7 days and the average follow up was 24 months [range 2-72 months]. Weight loss in the first month after surgery was 11.03 +/- 2.48 and after first year was 41.38 +/- 10.93. The average decrease in BMI at the end of study was 10.45 kg/m[2]. 66.7 percent of the patients did not show any post-operative complication. One of the patients had pulmonary emboli [3.3 percent], one wound infection [3.3 percent], one GI bleeding [3.3 percent] and 2 patients had peritonitis [6.6 percent]. Regarding delay complication, there was one case of intestine obstruction [3.3 percent] and 6 cases of incisional hernia [20 percent]. One of the patients died due to hypovolumic shock [3.3 percent]. This study showed that amount of loss of weight following a VBG operation was significant and also, it was found that amount of loss of weight in male was significantly more than female [P=0.020]. Among the excess weight associated disease, it was only respiratory problems, which had a significant relationship with post surgery complication [P=0.026]. In the meantime, three was no significant relationship between age, weight, sex and BMI with regard to postoperative complication