survey of the different concentrations of epinephrine on the volume of blood loss in septorhinoplasty under halothane anesthesia

ABSTRACT

Epinephrine usages in septoplasty and Septorhinoplasty have less hemorrhage during operation and blood loss field rule. But under general anesthesia with halothane usage of solutions, epinephrine will be with some risk. The question is which concentrations of epinephrine will be more efficacious and have less complication. This study was arranged as a clinical trial on 80 patients equally divided in four groups. In group 1 we used solution of epinephrine 1/100000 in group 2, solution of epinephrine 1/100000 with normal saline was used. In group 3 we used solution of epinephrine 1/200000 with Lidocaine 1% at last, solution of epinephrine 1/200000 with normal saline was used in the 4th group. Each of the groups included 20 patients who underwent septoplasty or Septorhinoplasty under general anesthesia with halothane. We monitored changes of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse rates, volume of blood loss and any finding about dangerous dysrrhythmias such as ventricular arrhythmia. The mean percent of changes for systolic blood pressure was measured 8.46 +/- 4.59, this percent for diastolic blood pressure was measured as 10.55 +/- 5.89, and for pulse rates the mean percent of changes evaluated 7.85 +/- 4.61. In all of the groups, the percents were evaluated as less than 15% that were clinically acceptable. The mean volume of blood loss was evaluated as 73.13 +/- 30.02 milliliters. The differences were not statistically significant among the four groups. In the group 1, one case experienced an episode of ventricular tachycardia and in the second group one patient had ventricular tachycardia. Another patient showed an episode of ventricular fibrillation. Despite no statistically significant difference between group using solutions of epinephrine 1/100000 and solutions of epinephrine 1/200000 about mean percents of changes in systolic blood pressures, pulse rates and volume of blood losing, the higher concentrations of epinephrine 1/100000 raised the risk of dangerous ventricular arrhythmias, so this concentration is not recommended