Effect of valproic acid on the pancreatic acini of the adult rats and the possible protective role of L-carnitine. light, electron microscopy and DNA electrophoresis

ABSTRACT

Valproic acid [VPA] is a commonly prescribed medication used for epilepsy, migraine and bipolar disorder. Although the common adverse effects associated with VPA are typically benign, pancreatitis may occur. L-carnitine is a naturally occurring compound widely distributed in all cells. It has neurotropic, neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of VPA [Depakine] on the exocrine part of pancreas when used alone and when given concomitantly with L-carnitine. In this study twenty four adult male albino rats were selected and divided into four groups. Group I [GI] control group. Group II [G II], were given L-carnitine [100mg/kg]. Group III [G III], were given VPA [200 mg/kg]. Group IV [GIV], were given both L-carnitine and VPA in the same previous doses. Both drugs were given orally once daily for three months. The results obtained in group III showed variable degrees of acinar degeneration and cellular infiltration between the acini. The collagen fibers around the B. V. were increased. Ultrastructurally, there were dilatation of [r] ER and Golgi apparatus, focal destruction of mitochondria, increased number of secondary lysosomes, decreased or even depletion of zymogen granules and nuclear changes. Fat droplets in the basal part of acinar cells, cytoplasmic vacuoles as well as DNA damage were also noticed. On the otherhand, pancreatic sections of animals of [G IV] that were treated with VPA and L-carnitine showed marked reduction of the previous cellular changes and the cytoplasmic organelles were slightly affected. In conclusion the present study revealed that L-carnitine can be used concomitantly with VPA to minimize its adverse effects on the exocrine portion of pancreas