Emergency Contraception

ABSTRACT

Emergency contraception can be used to prevent pregnancy after known or suspected failure of birth control or after unprotected intercourse. Its use is limited largely because of lack of knowledge. Both hormonal and non-hormonal methods of emergency contraception are available. It is most effective when initiated within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse. The mechanism of action may vary depending on the day of the menstrual cycle on which treatment is started. Emergency postcoital contraception is regarded by many as an abortifacient because it is taken after, rather than before, intercourse but it is important to remember that prevention of pregnancy before implantation is contraception and not abortion. Despite the large number of women who have received emergency contraception, there have been no reports of major adverse outcomes. If a woman becomes pregnant after using emergency contraception, she may be reassured about the lack of negative effects emergency contraception has on fetal development. Family physicians should inform their patients of reproductive age about the availability and efficacy of emergency postcoital contraception to avoid unplanned pregnancy