Frostbite: Severity and predisposing factors amongst Pakistan troops in Siachen

ABSTRACT

To know the severity and find out the exact causes and predisposing factors of frost bite, so that certain guidelines can be formulated for the troops and the people in command channel in order to minimize significantly the frequency and severity of this disability. Descriptive, questionnaire-based study Study was done in field hospitals of Siachen sector from May 2002 to April 2003. A total of 130 patients who suffered from frostbite in this duration were included, excluding injuries due to other causes. Proforma with questionnaire was completed by the doctor him self. The cumulative incidence was 29/1000 in one year. Maximum injuries were 1st degree [37.7%] and 2nd degree [33.1%]. Feet [56.9%] and hand's [26.9%] involvement was most common. There was a significant relation between lack of proper equipment or lack of knowledge and the injury. Maximum cold injuries [52.3%] were due to ill fitted, defective and soaked boots, socks and gloves. Majority of troops [47.6%] did not have basic knowledge to protect themselves from cold injuries. Maximum cases [about 84%] were seen in peak cold weather i.e. November - February. High altitude serving troops should wear appropriate clothing, properly fitted quality boots, socks and gloves. They should have proper education and training regarding how to deal with cold weather. They should also avoid wet clothing, movement in blizzard, prolonged exposure to severely cold wind, and should be replaced after short intervals from their posts