Fat embolism and fat embolism syndrome; management trends

ABSTRACT

Fat Embolism and the associated Fat Embolism Syndrome is a serious and potentially life threatening condition. It tends to occur usually after fractures or intramedullary instrumentation of long bones. Non-traumatic conditions such as Diabetes Mellitus severe Burns, SLE, sickle cell disease and Pancreatitis can also lead to Fat Embolic syndrome. Young adults are commonly affected. Presentation consists of an asymptomatic interval followed by pulmonary and neurological manifestations combined with petechial haemorrhages. The diagnosis largely depends on high index of suspicion and exclusion of other conditions. Treatment of this condition remains supportive. Mortality associated with this condition is significant, ranging from 10-20%