Effect of anticancer drugs on genomic DNA and chromosomes in Ehrlich ascites tumor bearing female mice

ABSTRACT

The antioxidant activity, DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations were studied under the effect of cis-diaminedichloro platinum [CDDP] and vinblastine sulphate [VLB] in Ehrlich ascites tumor bearing female mice. The two doses of CDDP and VLB were found to decrease the hepatic glutahione [GSH] content and total protein. Lipid peroxidation [MDA] increased significantly in the first and second weeks of administration compared to the control. Also, losses in body and liver weights were observed. Genomic DNA concentration was decreased by CDDP and VLB to 15.0%, 32.0%, 22.0% and 43.5%, respectively, DNA banding pattern of liver tissue on agarose gel [1.3%] electrophoresis was found compared to control. Serum protein banding pattern under the effect of the two drugs SDS-PAGE was observed clearly after 2 weeks of administration, but not after the first week. The percentage of total chromosomal numerical aberrations of bone marrow cells were significantly increased for CDDP and VLB to 304.8%, 457.1%, 238.1% and 290.5%, respectively. Also the percentages of total chromosomal structural aberrations of bone marrow cells were significantly increased to 372.7%, 581.8%, 101.0% and 150.0%, respectively in the second week. The effect of these drugs was dose-dependant. It is concluded that these anticancer drugs are harmful and precaution should be considered when administrated in human