Coronary artery disease; pattern of clinical and angiographic findings in young males

ABSTRACT

This study was designed to evaluate the pattern of clinical presentation, risk factors and angiographic findings in young males representing with acute myocardial infarction [AMI]. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Cardiology Department, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore from May 2005 till February 2006. After fulfilling the inclusion criteria 200 male patients coronary artery disease [CAD] were studied. Mean age of the study population was 31.5 +/- 9.2 years with an age range of 31 to 40 years. Most common risk factor was smoking present in 60% patients, Family history of ischemic heart disease [IHD] was present in 44.5% patients, hyperlipidemia in 35.5% patients, hypertension in 25,5% and diabetes mellitus in 17.5% of patients. Common mode of clinical presentation was AMI 42.5% patients. Left anterior descending [LAD] was diseased in 73.5%, followed by Left Circumflex [LCx] 51% and Right Coronary Artery [RCA] in 39% patients. Left Main Stem [LMS] disease occurred in 9.5% patients. Good left ventricular [LV] systolic function was observed in 38%, moderate LV systolic function in 34% and poor LV systolic function in 14.5% patients. Patients with premature coronary artery disease have unheralded acute onset of symptoms. Smoking is the most common risk factor. Young patients have single vessel CAD with frequent involvement of LAD and commonly have good left ventricular systolic function