Prevalence and risk factors of fetal macrosomia in diabetic women in Tunisian center

ABSTRACT

The objective of our study was to evaluate the frequency and the risk factors for fatal macrosomia in a population of Tunisian diabetic pregnant women. During five years, 400 pregnant women entered our case-control study, including 200 with diabetes and 200 as a control group. These pregnant women had a single foetus and were at term. The diabetes group was composed of 143 women with gestational diabetes and 57 women with pregravid diabetes. The women with diabetes were significantly older, multiparous and with a more elevated BMI than the women in the control group [p <0.01]. The risk of foetal macrosomia was significantly more associated with a BMI of > 30 [OR = 1.29], a poor diabetic control during pregnancy [OR = 9.41] and previous antecedent foetal macrosomia [OR = 7.93]. However, multivariate analysis after the control for confounding factors [BMI, term, and parity], limited the significantly increased risk for foetal macrosomia to the number of consultations and the insulin doses used in the third trimester of the pregnancy