Evaluation of the genotoxicity and pathological changes induced by the prolonged bromuconazole triazole fungicide exposure in rats

ABSTRACT

Bromuconazole, is a triazole fungicide used in enclosed commercial greenhouses was evaluated for its potential toxic effects in rat liver. Sprague-Dawley male rats were treated orally at daily doses of 36.5 and 18.25 mg/kg b. wt [1/10 and 1/20 LD[50], respectively] Bromuconazole for 3 months. Measurements include potential DNA fingerprinting using random amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD-PCR] analysis, total nucleic acids content, total protein as well as histopathological alteration in the liver were performed. The results revealed that, Bromuconazole fungicide had genotoxic and toxicopathological effects in rat liver. The genotoxic effects were indicated by appearance of some changes in polymorphism band patterns including deletion of stable bands or insertion of new bands. The effects on the liver were also manifested by different histopathological lesions including severe necrobiotic and proliferative changes with the appearance of hepatoma at high dose. In addition, the liver tissue DNA, RNA and protein contents were significantly increased with increasing the dose of Bromuconazole. Using of Bromuconazole fungicide should be reconsidered due to its possible cytotoxic. clastogenic and mutagenic effects