Direct bonding to ceramic fused-to metal crown, scanning electron microscope study

ABSTRACT

The data analyses and the scanning electron microscope examination in this study provided strong support to the following conclusions: Saline/adhesive system in direct bonding to ceramo-fused to metal crowns produced comparable bond resistance to that to porcelain denture teeth; tensile pull debonding force is recommended to minimize microfractures and porcelain tears; intra-oral polishing technique must be proposed to restore the porcelain surface glazing